Moscow is a popular tourist destination. The Moscow Kremlin, Red Square, Novodevichy Convent, and Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye are all UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is also a major transportation hub, with six airports, ten train stations, and three river ports (connecting to the Atlantic and Arctic oceans). The Moscow Metro has been operating since 1935. Moscow is also a major sports center in the country.

Moscow is a city where medieval streets from the 16th century coexist with a skyscraper with the highest observation deck in Europe, where creative spaces are created in former crystal factories or chocolate factories, and a social club is not a limousine and a tailcoat, but a movie at night and dancing to vinyl.

The capital has almost 450 museums and about 10,000 restaurants, cafes, and bars. There are dozens of parks where you can enjoy delicious coffee and signature donuts. Or visit international exhibitions, competitions, and marathons. And this is very much appreciated by the 12 million Muscovites and 20 million tourists who visit Russia's largest city every year.

The climate of Moscow

Moscow's climate is moderately continental[41], with a distinct seasonal pattern. Winter (the period with an average daily temperature below 0 °C) lasts approximately 4 months on average, from the second decade of November (November 12) to the second decade of March (March 19). The daytime temperature consistently returns to positive values on March 3.

During the calendar winter, there may be short periods (3-5 days) of severe frosts (with nighttime temperatures as low as -20°C, and occasionally as low as -25°C to -30°C). However, in December and early January, there are frequent thaws, where temperatures rise from -5°C to -10°C to 0°C and above, sometimes reaching +5°C to +9°C.

The coldest month of the year is January (its average temperature is −6.2 °C[43]). Spring seasons vary in length from year to year and can last from 1 to 3 months. Sometimes, almost summer temperatures are recorded in early April, while cold snaps occur in late May and early June. Summer (the period with daytime temperatures above +20°C and average daily temperatures above +15°C) lasts about 3.5 months, from the third decade of May (May 23) to the end of August (August 31), and daytime temperatures often reach 30°C (on average, 6-8 days per season, and continuously for 1.5 months in 2010). The 35-degree mark has been reached 18 times in the last 30 years, 16 of them in 2010.

The warmest month is July (its average temperature for the period 1981-2010 is +19.2 °C). Autumn in Moscow is protracted, it begins in early September, ends in mid-November - early December, when the average daily temperature becomes stable below 0 °C. It is not uncommon for the temperature to return to positive values after the beginning of the meteorological winter, the snow cover completely melts.

Transport accessibility

Moscow is the largest transportation hub in the country. The city is located in the very center of a web of railways and federal highways.

Moscow is home to the international airports of Vnukovo and Ostafyevo. Residents and visitors of the city also use other international airports located in the Moscow region: Domodedovo, Chkalovsky, Sheremetyevo, and Zhukovsky.

Moscow is home to the Moscow Metro, which is the main means of transportation within the capital. It is the sixth-busiest metro system in the world in terms of annual passenger traffic and the first in Europe. As of 2025, the total length of the Moscow Metro's lines is approximately 471.7 kilometers, with most of the tracks and stations located underground. In terms of line length, the Moscow Metro ranks fourth in the world.

Interesting facts about Moscow

Moscow is one of the most unique European capitals. It is the most populous city, has the largest metropolitan area, and, after the most recent expansion, has the largest urban area.

Everything is the highest in Russia: the standard of living, housing prices, salaries, the density of cars on the roads, and the number of millionaires and even billionaires per square kilometer.

1. Only the fourth generation of Muscovites is considered to be native. At the moment, this is less than 2% of the total population of Moscow

There are about 200,000 native residents in Moscow. More than half of the people living in Moscow today were born in other cities of the country.

2. The Lenin Library in Moscow is the largest library in Europe.

The Lenin Library (today it is the Russian State Library) is one of the most extensive libraries in the world. It is second only to the Library of Congress in the United States. It has 40 million books.

3. There are four abandoned stations in the Moscow Metro.

•  • Volokolamskaya (between Tushinskaya and Shchukinskaya)
• Pervomayskaya (between Partizanskaya and Izmailovskaya)
• Kaluzhskaya (between Novye Cheremushki and modern Kaluzhskaya).

4. The Kremlin Wall is home not only to the world-famous Lenin Mausoleum, but also to the Necropolis, where important political and military figures of the country are buried.

The necropolis began to take shape in November 1917. A little later, the first mass grave was organized near the Kremlin walls.

5. The famous Kremlin Chimes are the oldest clock in all of Russia

Over the centuries, they have changed the mechanism, the bells, and the melodies several times. Currently, the Spasskaya Tower has the fifth clock.

6. Many rivers flowing through the capital have been buried underground.

The reasons for burying watercourses underground are similar. Gullies and swampy banks hindered the development of the city, disrupting the connectivity of districts and preventing the development of territories. There are only five major rivers that have been buried underground in Moscow.

7. Moscow is home to the famous "Seven Stalinist Skyscrapers"

Seven tall buildings that were built in the 1940s and 1950s.

In 1947, the Russian capital celebrated its 800th anniversary. To mark this significant event, the authorities decided to construct seven high-rise buildings that would symbolize the power of the Soviet people and the great country.